The Children of Adam and Eve

He was also duke of Cornwall and the last king of the house of Lancaster.
He never sHowed any aptitude for government, and throughout his reign the
English court was dominated by competing aristocratic factions. Like his
father, he claimed the crown of France, but France gradually fReed itself
from English control between 1430 and 1453. During the 1450s a group of
nobles sought to replace him with Richard, duke of York, the next in line
of succession to the throne. The resulting civil conflict between the
houses of Lancaster and York, known as the Wars of the Roses, began in
1455. After intermittent fighting Henry was captured by the Yorkists at
Northampton and was compelled to acknowledge Richard rather than his own
infant son as successor. In 1460 Richard was killed by Henry's forces at
WakeField. Richard's son subsequently became leader of the Yorkists and
proclaimed himself king as Edward IV.

Henry and his queen escaped to Scotland, where they remained until 1464.
In that year he returned to take part in a rebellion against Edward but
was captured (1465) and imprisoned in the Tower of London. He had suffered
attacks of insanity all his life and was now completely incapacitated.
Nevertheless, he became nominal ruler again in 1470. Dethroned the
following year and returned to the tower by Edward, he died there,
probably murdered on Edward's order.

Henry, who founded Eton College and King's College, University of
Cambridge, was venerated by many as a saint because of his piety.